Orthopaedics – Set 1 – Anatomy & Physiology of Bone and Fracture Healing
1. True about Osteoclast is all except
a) Derived from monocytes
b) Stimulated by PTH
c) Phagocytosis of foreign bodies
d) Resporption of bone
2. Maj or mineral of the bone is
a) Calcite
b) Hydroxyapatite
c) Calcium oxide
d) Calcium carbonate
3. Bone apposition is best in
a) Osteoblastic activity at the area of stress
b) Endochondral ossification
c) Subperiosteal cambium layer
d) Osteoblastic activity in howship’s lacunae
4. Regarding bone remodelling, all are true except –
a) Osteoclastic activity at the compression site
b) Osteoclastic activity at the tension site
c) Osteoclastic activity and osteoblastic activity are both needed for bone remodelling in cortical and cancellous bones
d) Osteoblasts transforms into osteocytes
5. Which of the changes occur in bone growth
a) Increased acid phosphatase
b) Increased urinary calcium
c) Increased bone nucleotidase
d) Increased osteocalcin
6. Indicators of bone formation includes all of following except
a) Osteocalcin
b) Alkaline phosphatase
c) Hydroxyproline
d) Type 1 procollegen
7. Bone resorption markers are
a) Serum propeptide of type I procollagen
b) Osteocalcin
c) Urine total free deoxypyridinoline
d) Free glutamic acid cross linkage
8. Rate of newly synthesized osteoid mineralization can be best estimated by
a) Tetracycline labeling
b) Alizarin red stain
c) Calcein stain
d) Van kossa stain
9. Bone formation markers
a) Procollagen-I
b) Alkaline phosphatase
c) Hydroxyappetite
d) Calcitonin
e) TRAP
10. Adult bone trabeculae are differentiated from foetal bone trabeculae histologically by the presence of –
a) Haversian system
b) Lamellar structure
c) Certain special staining characteristics
d) Different types of bone cells in each
